Security Fire Alarm Cable
I. Specifications and Types
Security fire alarm cables are multi-core electronic cables designed specifically for fire alarm, security monitoring, and low-voltage control circuits.
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Fire Resistant Cable Types are primarily categorized as follows:
By Installation Scenario:
FPLR (Fire Power Limited Riser): Suitable for vertical installation (such as wiring between floors), compliant with UL 105°C/300V standards, and lower cost.
FPLP (Fire Power Limited Plenum): For horizontal installation (such as in suspended ceilings or ventilation ducts), certified with UL 75°C/300V, offering higher fire resistance and a smoke density transmittance of ≥60% during combustion.
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By Shielding Structure:
Unshielded: Suitable for environments with low electromagnetic interference, such as conventional alarm systems in stand-alone buildings.
Shielded: Utilizes an aluminum foil shield to reduce external electromagnetic interference and ensure stable signal transmission. Suitable for sensitive locations such as data centers and hospitals. Conductor Specifications:
Conductor diameters range from 18AWG (0.0403 inches) to 12AWG (0.0808 inches), with cross-sectional areas ranging from 0.82mm2 to 3.31mm2, supporting diverse load requirements.
II. Performance Parameters
Electrical Performance:
Rated voltage: 300V, can withstand 300W transient surges, ensuring stable system operation.
Conductor resistivity: ≤0.017241Ω·mm2/m (20°C). 18AWG cable resistance per 1000 feet: ≤6.5Ω, 12AWG: ≤1.8Ω, minimizing voltage loss.
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Fire Resistance and Flame Retardancy:
Compliant with IEC 331 and BS 6387 standards, maintaining a circuit integrity of ≥95% after a flame temperature of 950°C for two hours.
Flame retardancy meets BS 5839-1:2003 and IEC 60332-3 CAT CWZ, with a flame spread rate of ≤1.5m/min.
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Environmental Protection and Safety:
Low-smoke zero-halogen (LSZH) sheath, acid gas emissions ≤ 5mg/g (BS EN 50267), smoke transmittance ≥ 60% (BS EN 50268), no toxic gas release.
RoHS compliant, lead content ≤ 0.1%, cadmium content ≤ 0.01%.
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III. Material Features
Conductor:
Made of annealed pure copper with a copper content ≥ 99.99%, stable conductivity, strong oxidation resistance, and long-term heat-free operation.
Insulation:
Silicone rubber or low-smoke zero-halogen polyolefin, heat-resistant to 125°C, dielectric strength ≥ 20kV/mm, to prevent short circuits.
Shield:
Aluminum foil shield with a bare tinned annealed copper ground wire effectively suppresses electromagnetic interference and improves signal quality.
Sheath:
LSZH material is oil-resistant, acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, and UV-resistant, with a service life of ≥ 30 years, suitable for harsh environments.
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IV. Advantages of Fire Alarm Cable
High Reliability:
Fire resistance ensures continuous operation of the alarm system during a fire, buying critical time for evacuation and fire rescue.
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Environmentally Friendly and Safe:
Low-smoke, halogen-free properties reduce the risk of asphyxiation in fires, complying with global environmental trends and avoiding customs detention or return shipments.
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Strong Anti-Interference Capability:
Shielded cable effectively isolates external electromagnetic interference, ensuring signal transmission stability and reducing false alarm rates.
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Easy Installation:
The cable is flexible and easy to bend, with a minimum bend radius of ≤6 times the outer diameter. It supports direct conduit installation, reducing construction costs.
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V. Fireproof Wire Specification Compatibility and Installation Scenarios
Specification Selection:
Conductor Cross-Sectional Area: Select according to the load current. For example, 18AWG is suitable for a single smoke detector circuit, while 12AWG is suitable for a multi-device linkage system.
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Number of Cores: Two cores for single-phase circuits, four cores for three-phase, four-wire systems.
Voltage: 300V for control circuits, 0.6/1kV for main power transmission.
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Installation Scenarios:
Commercial Buildings: Fire alarm systems in high-rise office buildings and shopping malls, connecting control panels, detectors, and alarms.
Industrial: Safety monitoring systems in chemical plants and nuclear power plants, designed to withstand extreme environments such as high temperatures and corrosion.
Transportation Hubs: Signaling and communication systems in subway tunnels and airport terminals, meeting the FAA's 60-minute power-on requirement.
Special Locations: Low-voltage control circuits in data centers and hospitals, ensuring continuous operation of critical equipment.
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Installation Requirements:
Avoid contact with high-temperature pipes and highly corrosive substances. Bend radius must meet standards (e.g., 6 times the outer diameter).
When laying cables through conduit, the inner diameter of the conduit should be ≥ 1.5 times the outer diameter of the cable to prevent mechanical damage.
Specialized cold-pressed terminals are used at the joints to ensure contact resistance is ≤ 1.1 times the resistance of a conductor of equal length.